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添加 'game_functions'

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206530407 2021-06-22 11:44:28 +08:00
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import sys
from time import sleep
import pygame
from bullet import Bullet
from alien import Alien
def check_keydown_events(event, ai_settings, screen, ship, bullets):
"""响应按键"""
if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT: #监测按下右方向键事件
ship.moving_right = True
elif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT: #监测按下左方向键事件
ship.moving_left = True
elif event.key == pygame.K_SPACE: #监测按下空格键事件
fire_bullet(ai_settings, screen, ship, bullets) #调用fire_bullet()函数发射子弹
elif event.key == pygame.K_q: #监测按下Q键事件
sys.exit()
def check_keyup_events(event, ship):
"""响应松开"""
if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT: #监测松开右方向键事件
ship.moving_right = False
elif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT: #监测松开左方向键事件
ship.moving_left = False
def check_events(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, play_button, ship, aliens, bullets):
"""响应按键和鼠标事件"""
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT: #监测单击窗口关闭按钮事件
sys.exit()
elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN: #监测键盘按下事件
check_keydown_events(event, ai_settings, screen, ship, bullets) #调用check_keydown_events()函数处理键盘按下事件
elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP: #监测键盘松开事件
check_keyup_events(event, ship) #调用check_keyup_events()处理键盘松开事件
elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN: #监测鼠标按下事件
mouse_x, mouse_y = pygame.mouse.get_pos() #调用get_pos()方法获取鼠标光标的位置，返回元组(x, y)
check_play_button(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, play_button, ship, aliens, bullets, mouse_x, mouse_y) #调用check_play_button()函数处理按下play按钮事件
def check_play_button(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, play_button, ship, aliens, bullets, mouse_x, mouse_y):
"""在玩家单击Play按钮时开始新游戏"""
button_clicked = play_button.rect.collidepoint(mouse_x, mouse_y) #调用collidepoint()方法检查鼠标单击位置是否在Play按钮的rect内
if button_clicked and not stats.game_active:
# 重置游戏设置
ai_settings.initialize_dynamic_settings() #调用Settings类的initialize_dynamic_settings()方法初始化游戏设置
# 隐藏光标
pygame.mouse.set_visible(False) #调用set_visible()方法隐藏鼠标光标
# 重置游戏统计信息
stats.reset_stats() #调用GameStats类的reset_stats()方法初始化统计信息
stats.game_active = True
# 重置记分牌图像
sb.prep_score() #调用Scoreboard类的prep_score()方法显示游戏得分
sb.prep_high_score() #调用Scoreboard类的prep_high_score()方法显示游戏最高得分得分
sb.prep_level() #调用Scoreboard类的prep_level()方法显示游戏等级
sb.prep_ships() #调用Scoreboard类的prep_ships()方法显示飞船剩余“命数”
# 清空外星人列表和子弹列表
aliens.empty()
bullets.empty()
# 创建一群新的外星人，并让飞船居中
create_fleet(ai_settings, screen, ship, aliens) #调用create_fleet()函数创建新的外星人群
ship.center_ship() #调用Ship类的center_ship()方法让飞船居中
def update_screen(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens, bullets, play_button):
"""更新屏幕上的图像，并切换到新屏幕"""
# 每次循环时都重绘屏幕
screen.fill(ai_settings.bg_color) #屏幕对象填充颜色
# 在飞船和外星人后面重绘所有子弹
for bullet in bullets.sprites():
bullet.draw_bullet() #绘制每颗子弹到屏幕上
ship.blitme() #调用Ship类的blitme()方法绘制飞船
aliens.draw(screen) #aliens是编组，对编组调用draw()时，Pygame自动绘制编组的每个元素，绘制位置由元素的属性rect决定
# 显示得分
sb.show_score() #调用Scoreboard类的show_score()方法显示得分
# 如果游戏处于非活动状态，就绘制Play按钮
if not stats.game_active:
play_button.draw_button() #调用Button类的draw_button()方法绘制Play按钮
# 让最近绘制的屏幕可见
pygame.display.flip()
def update_bullets(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens, bullets):
"""更新子弹的位置，并删除已消失的子弹"""
# 更新子弹的位置
bullets.update() #为编组bullets中的每个精灵调用bullet.update()
# 删除已消失的子弹
for bullet in bullets.copy():
if bullet.rect.bottom <= 0:
bullets.remove(bullet)
check_bullet_alien_collisitions(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens, bullets) #调用check_bullet_alien_collisitions()函数删除碰撞的子弹和外星人
def check_bullet_alien_collisitions(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens, bullets):
"""响应子弹和外星人的碰撞"""
# 删除发生碰撞的子弹和外星人
collisions = pygame.sprite.groupcollide(bullets, aliens, True, True) #检测两个精灵编组是否碰撞，后面的两个True即让发生碰撞的子弹和外星人都消失
if collisions:
for aliens in collisions.values():
stats.score += ai_settings.alien_points * len(aliens) #杀死外星人增加分数
sb.prep_score() #调用Scoreboard类的prep_score()方法显示得分
check_high_score(stats, sb) #调用check_high_score()函数检查最高得分并显示
if len(aliens) == 0:
# 删除现有的子弹并新建一群外星人
bullets.empty()
ai_settings.increase_speed() #调用Settings类的increase_speed()方法提高速度设置
# 提高等级
stats.level += 1
sb.prep_level() #调用Scoreboard类的prep_level()方法显示等级
create_fleet(ai_settings, screen, ship, aliens) #调用create_fleet()函数新建一个外星人群
def fire_bullet(ai_settings, screen, ship, bullets): #检测当前子弹编组中精灵数量，小于限制则发射子弹
"""如果还没有到达限制，就发射一颗子弹"""
# 创建新子弹并将其加入到编组bullets中
if len(bullets) < ai_settings.bullets_allowed:
new_bullet = Bullet(ai_settings, screen, ship) #实例化Bullet类
bullets.add(new_bullet)
def get_numbwe_aliens_x(ai_settings, alien_width): #外星人之间的留白宽度就是外星人矩形的宽度
"""计算每行可容纳多少个外星人"""
available_space_x = ai_settings.screen_width - 2 * alien_width
number_alien_x = int(available_space_x / (2 * alien_width))
return number_alien_x
def get_number_rows(ai_settings, ship_height, alien_height): ##外星人之间的留白高度就是外星人矩形的高度
"""计算屏幕可容纳多少行外星人"""
available_space_y = (ai_settings.screen_height - (3 * alien_height) - ship_height)
number_rows = int(available_space_y / (2 * alien_height))
return number_rows
def create_alien(ai_settings, screen, aliens, alien_number, row_number):
"""创建一个外星人并将其放在当前行"""
alien = Alien(ai_settings, screen) #实例化Alien类
alien_width = alien.rect.width
alien.x = alien_width + 2 * alien_width * alien_number
alien.rect.x = alien.x
alien.rect.y = alien.rect.height + 2 * alien.rect.height * row_number
aliens.add(alien)
def create_fleet(ai_settings, screen, ship, aliens):
"""创建外星人群"""
# 创建一个外星人，并计算一行可容纳多少个外星人
alien = Alien(ai_settings, screen) #实例化Alien类
number_aliens_x = get_numbwe_aliens_x(ai_settings, alien.rect.width)
number_rows = get_number_rows(ai_settings, ship.rect.height, alien.rect.height)
# 创建第一行外星人
for row_number in range(number_rows):
for alien_number in range(number_aliens_x):
create_alien(ai_settings, screen, aliens, alien_number, row_number)
def check_fleet_edges(ai_settings, aliens):
"""有外星人到达边缘时采取相应的措施"""
for alien in aliens.sprites():
if alien.check_edges(): #调用Alien类的check_edges()方法检测外星人是否位于屏幕边缘
change_fleet_direction(ai_settings, aliens) #调用change_fleet_direction()函数下移外星人群
break
def change_fleet_direction(ai_settings, aliens):
"""将整群外星人下移，并改变它们的方向"""
for alien in aliens.sprites():
alien.rect.y += ai_settings.fleet_drop_speed
ai_settings.fleet_direction *= -1
def ship_hit(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens, bullets):
"""响应被外星人撞到的飞船"""
if stats.ships_left > 0:
# 将ship_left减1
stats.ships_left -= 1
# 更新记分牌
sb.prep_ships()
# 清空外星人列表和子弹列表
aliens.empty()
bullets.empty()
# 创建一群新的外星人，并将飞船放到屏幕底部中央
create_fleet(ai_settings, screen, ship, aliens) #调用create_fleet()函数创建外星人群
ship.center_ship() #调用Ship类的center_ship()方法让飞船在屏幕底部居中
# 暂停
sleep(0.5)
else:
stats.game_active = False #当飞船没有“命数”的时候，停止运行游戏
pygame.mouse.set_visible(True)
def check_aliens_bottom(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens, bullets):
"""检查是否有外星人到达了屏幕底部"""
screen_rect = screen.get_rect()
for alien in aliens.sprites():
if alien.rect.bottom >= screen_rect.bottom:
# 像飞船被撞到一样继续处理
ship_hit(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens, bullets)
break
def update_aliens(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens, bullets):
"""检查是否有外星人位于屏幕边缘，并更新外星人群中所有外星人的位置"""
check_fleet_edges(ai_settings, aliens) #调用check_fleet_edges()函数检查外星人是否位于屏幕边缘并向下移动
aliens.update() ##为编组aliens中的每个精灵调用alien.update()，做左右移动
# 检测外星人和飞船直接的碰撞
if pygame.sprite.spritecollideany(ship, aliens):
ship_hit(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens, bullets)
# 检查是否有外星人到达屏幕底部
check_aliens_bottom(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens, bullets)
def check_high_score(stats, sb):
"""检查是否诞生了新的最高得分"""
if stats.score > stats.high_score:
stats.high_score = stats.score
sb.prep_high_score() #调用Scoreboard类的prep_high_score()方法显示最高得分