上传文件至 ''

button.py

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+import pygame.font
+
+
+class Button():
+
+    def __init__(self, ai_settings, screen, msg):
+        """初始化按钮属性"""
+        self.screen = screen
+        self.screen_rect = screen.get_rect()
+
+        # 设置按钮的尺寸和其他属性
+        self.width, self.height = 200, 50
+        self.button_color = (0, 255, 0)
+        self.text_color = (255, 255, 255)
+        self.font = pygame.font.SysFont(None, 48)
+
+        # 创建按钮的rect对象，并使其居中
+        self.rect = pygame.Rect(0, 0, self.width, self.height)
+        self.rect.center = self.screen_rect.center
+
+        # 按钮的标签只需创建一次
+        self.prep_msg(msg)
+
+    def prep_msg(self, msg):
+        """将msg渲染为图像，并使其在按钮上居中"""
+        self.msg_image = self.font.render(msg, True, self.text_color, self.button_color)
+        self.msg_image_rect = self.msg_image.get_rect()
+        self.msg_image_rect.center = self.rect.center
+
+    def draw_button(self):
+        # 绘制一个用颜色填充的按钮，再绘制文本
+        self.screen.fill(self.button_color, self.rect)
+        self.screen.blit(self.msg_image, self.msg_image_rect)

game_functions.py

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+import sys
+import pygame
+from bullet import Bullet
+from alien import Alien
+from time import sleep
+
+
+def check_events(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, play_button, ship, aliens, bullets):
+    # 监视键盘和鼠标事件
+    for event in pygame.event.get():
+
+        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:  # 关闭窗口退出
+            sys.exit()
+        elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
+            check_keydown_events(event, ai_settings, screen, ship, bullets)
+        elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP:
+            check_keyup_events(event, ship)
+        elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
+            mouse_x, mouse_y = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
+            check_play_button(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, play_button, ship, aliens, bullets, mouse_x, mouse_y)
+
+
+def check_play_button(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, play_button, ship, aliens, bullets, mouse_x, mouse_y):
+    """在玩家单击Play按钮时开始游戏"""
+    button_clicked = play_button.rect.collidepoint(mouse_x, mouse_y)
+    if button_clicked and not stats.game_active:
+        # 重置游戏设置
+        ai_settings.initialize_dynamic_settings()
+
+        # 隐藏光标
+        pygame.mouse.set_visible(False)
+        # 重置游戏统计信息
+        stats.reset_stats()
+        stats.game_active = True
+
+        # 重置计分牌图像
+        sb.prep_score()
+        sb.prep_high_score()
+        sb.prep_level()
+        sb.prep_ships()
+
+        # 清空外星人列表和子弹列表
+        aliens.empty()
+        bullets.empty()
+
+        # 创建一群新的外星人，并让飞船居中
+        create_fleet(ai_settings, screen, ship, aliens)
+        ship.center_ship()
+
+
+def update_screen(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens, bullets, play_button):
+    '''更新屏幕上的图片，并切换到新屏幕'''
+    screen.fill(ai_settings.bg_color)  # 设置背景颜色
+    ship.blitme()  # 绘制飞船
+    aliens.draw(screen)
+    # 循环子弹组里面的元素，进行绘制 为空时不执行
+    for bullet in bullets.sprites():
+        bullet.draw_bullet()  # 绘制子弹
+    # 显示得分
+    sb.show_score()
+    # 如果游戏处于非活跃状态，就显示Play按钮
+    if not stats.game_active:
+        play_button.draw_button()
+    # 显示最新屏幕，擦拭旧屏幕
+    pygame.display.flip()
+    # print('1')
+
+
+def check_keydown_events(event, ai_settings, screen, ship, bullets):
+    if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
+        ship.moving_right = True
+    elif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
+        ship.moving_left = True
+    elif event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:
+        fire_bullet(ai_settings, screen, ship, bullets)
+    elif event.key == pygame.K_q:
+        sys.exit()
+
+
+def check_keyup_events(event, ship):
+    if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
+        ship.moving_right = False
+    elif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
+        ship.moving_left = False
+
+
+def update_bullets(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens, bullets):
+    '''更新子弹位置，删除子弹'''
+    bullets.update()  # 子弹组每个成员执行self.update()操作
+    for bullet in bullets.sprites():
+        if bullet.rect.bottom <= 0:  # 子弹出界 删除
+            bullets.remove(bullet)
+    check_bullet_alien_collisions(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens, bullets)
+
+
+def check_bullet_alien_collisions(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens, bullets):
+    """响应外星人和子弹的碰撞"""
+    # 删除发生碰撞的子弹和外星人
+    collisions = pygame.sprite.groupcollide(bullets, aliens, True, True)
+
+    if collisions:
+        for aliens in collisions.values():
+            stats.score += ai_settings.alien_points * len(aliens)
+            sb.prep_score()
+        check_high_score(stats, sb)
+
+    if len(aliens) == 0:
+        # 删除现有的子弹并新建一群外星人,加快游戏进度节奏
+        bullets.empty()
+        ai_settings.increase_speed()
+
+        # 提高等级
+        stats.level += 1
+        sb.prep_level()
+
+        create_fleet(ai_settings, screen, ship, aliens)
+
+
+def update_ship(ship):
+    ship.update()
+
+
+def fire_bullet(ai_settings, screen, ship, bullets):
+    # 创建一个子弹对象 加入到子弹组
+    if len(bullets) < ai_settings.bullets_allowed:  # 子弹少于允许值时再生成
+        new_bullet = Bullet(ai_settings, screen, ship)
+        bullets.add(new_bullet)
+
+
+def get_number_aliens_x(ai_settings, alien_width):
+    """计算每行可容纳多少个外星人"""
+    available_space_x = ai_settings.screen_width - 2 * alien_width
+    number_aliens_x = int(available_space_x / (2 * alien_width))
+    return number_aliens_x
+
+
+def get_number_rows(ai_settings, ship_height, alien_height):
+    """计算屏幕可容纳多少行外星人"""
+    available_space_y = (ai_settings.screen_height - (3 * alien_height) - ship_height)
+    number_rows = int(available_space_y / (2 * alien_height))
+    return number_rows
+
+
+def create_aliens(ai_settings, screen, aliens, alien_number, row_number):
+    """创建一个外星人并将其放在当期行"""
+    alien = Alien(ai_settings, screen)
+    alien_width = alien.rect.width
+    alien.x = alien_width + 2 * alien_width * alien_number
+    alien.rect.x = alien.x
+    alien.rect.y = alien.rect.height + 2 * alien.rect.height * row_number
+    aliens.add(alien)
+
+
+def create_fleet(ai_settings, screen, ship, aliens):
+    """创建外星人群"""
+    # 创建一个外星人，并计算一行可以容纳多少个外星人
+    # 外星人间距为外星人宽度
+    alien = Alien(ai_settings, screen)
+    number_aliens_x = get_number_aliens_x(ai_settings, alien.rect.width)
+    number_rows = get_number_rows(ai_settings, ship.rect.height, alien.rect.height)
+
+    # 创建第一行外星人
+    for row_number in range(number_rows):
+        for alien_number in range(number_aliens_x):
+            # 创建一个外星人并将其加入当前行
+            create_aliens(ai_settings, screen, aliens, alien_number, row_number)
+
+
+def check_fleet_edges(ai_settings, aliens):
+    """有外星人到达边缘时采取相应措施"""
+    for alien in aliens.sprites():
+        if alien.check_edges():
+            change_fleet_direction(ai_settings, aliens)
+            break
+
+
+def change_fleet_direction(ai_settings, aliens):
+    """将整群外星人下移，并改变他们的运动方向"""
+    for alien in aliens.sprites():
+        alien.rect.y += ai_settings.fleet_drop_speed
+    ai_settings.fleet_direction *= -1
+
+
+def ship_hit(ai_settings, stats, screen, sb, ship, aliens, bullets):
+    """响应被外星人撞到的飞船"""
+    if stats.ships_left > 0:
+        # 将ship_left减1
+        stats.ships_left -= 1
+
+        # 更新记分牌
+        sb.prep_ships()
+
+        # 清空外星人列表和子弹列表
+        aliens.empty()
+        bullets.empty()
+        # 创建一群新的外星人，并将飞船放到屏幕低端中央
+        create_fleet(ai_settings, screen, ship, aliens)
+        ship.center_ship()
+        # 暂停
+        sleep(0.5)
+    else:
+        stats.game_active = False
+        pygame.mouse.set_visible(True)
+
+
+def check_aliens_bottom(ai_settings, stats, screen, sb, ship, aliens, bullets):
+    """检查是否有外星人到达屏幕低端"""
+    screen_rect = screen.get_rect()
+    for alien in aliens.sprites():
+        if alien.rect.bottom >= screen_rect.bottom:
+            # 像飞船被撞到一样进行处理
+            ship_hit(ai_settings, stats, screen, sb, ship, aliens, bullets)
+            break
+
+
+def update_aliens(ai_settings, stats, screen, sb, ship, aliens, bullets):
+    """更新外星人群中所有外星人的位置"""
+    check_fleet_edges(ai_settings, aliens)
+    aliens.update()
+    # 检测外星人和飞船之间的碰撞
+    if pygame.sprite.spritecollideany(ship, aliens):
+        ship_hit(ai_settings, stats, screen, sb, ship, aliens, bullets)
+    # 检查是否有外星人到达屏幕低端
+    check_aliens_bottom(ai_settings, stats, screen, sb, ship, aliens, bullets)
+
+
+def check_high_score(stats, sb):
+    """检查是否诞生了新的最高纪录"""
+    if stats.score > stats.high_score:
+        stats.high_score = stats.score
+        sb.prep_high_score()