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game_stats.py

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+class GameStats():
+    """跟踪游戏的统计信息"""
+
+    def __init__(self, ai_settings):
+        """初始化统计信息"""
+        self.ai_settings = ai_settings
+        self.reset_stats()
+        # 游戏刚启动时处于非活动状态
+        self.game_active = False
+        # 在任何情况下不应该重置最高分
+        self.high_score = 0
+        self.level = 1
+
+    def reset_stats(self):
+        """初始化在游戏运行期间可能变化的统计信息"""
+        self.ships_left = self.ai_settings.ship_limit
+        self.score = 0

scoreboard.py

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+import pygame.font
+from pygame.sprite import Group
+
+from ship import Ship
+
+
+class Scoreboard():
+    """显示得分信息的类"""
+
+    def __init__(self, ai_settings, screen, stats):
+        """初始化显示得分涉及的属性"""
+        self.screen = screen
+        self.screen_rect = screen.get_rect()
+        self.ai_settings = ai_settings
+        self.stats = stats
+
+        # 显示得分信息时使用的字体设置
+        self.text_color = (30, 30, 30)
+        self.font = pygame.font.SysFont(None, 48)
+
+        # 准备初始化得分图像和当前最高分数
+        self.prep_score()
+        self.prep_high_score()
+        self.prep_level()
+        self.prep_ships()
+
+    def prep_score(self):
+        """将得分转换为一幅渲染的图像"""
+        rounded_score = int(round(self.stats.score, -1))
+        score_str = "{:,}".format(rounded_score)
+        self.score_image = self.font.render(score_str, True, self.text_color, self.ai_settings.bg_color)
+
+        # 将得分放在右上角
+        self.score_rect = self.score_image.get_rect()
+        self.score_rect.right = self.screen_rect.right - 20
+        self.score_rect.top = 5
+
+    def prep_high_score(self):
+        """将最高得分转换为渲染图像"""
+        high_score = int(round(self.stats.high_score, -1))
+        high_score_str = "{:,}".format(high_score)
+        self.high_score_image = self.font.render(high_score_str, True, self.text_color, self.ai_settings.bg_color)
+
+        # 将最高分放在屏幕最中央
+        self.high_score_rect = self.high_score_image.get_rect()
+        self.high_score_rect.centerx = self.screen_rect.centerx
+        self.high_score_rect.top = 5
+
+    def prep_level(self):
+        """将等级转换为渲染图像"""
+        self.level_image = self.font.render(str(self.stats.level), True, self.text_color, self.ai_settings.bg_color)
+
+        # 将得分放在右上角
+        self.level_rect = self.score_image.get_rect()
+        self.level_rect.right = self.screen_rect.right
+        self.level_rect.top = self.score_rect.bottom
+
+    def prep_ships(self):
+        """显示还剩下多少艘飞船"""
+        self.ships = Group()
+        for ship_number in range(self.stats.ships_left):
+            ship = Ship(self.ai_settings, self.screen)
+            ship.rect.x = 10 + ship_number * ship.rect.width
+            ship.rect.y = 10
+            self.ships.add(ship)
+
+    def show_score(self):
+        """在屏幕上显示得分和等级"""
+        self.screen.blit(self.score_image, self.score_rect)
+        self.screen.blit(self.high_score_image, self.high_score_rect)
+        self.screen.blit(self.level_image, self.level_rect)
+        # 绘制飞船
+        self.ships.draw(self.screen)

settings.py

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+class Settings():
+    '''存储外星人入侵中所有的设置'''
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        '''初始化设置'''
+        # 屏幕设置
+        self.screen_width = 1200
+        self.screen_height = 600
+        self.bg_color = (230, 230, 230)  # 设置背景色  灰色
+
+        # 飞船设置
+        self.ship_limit = 3
+        self.ship_image_path = 'images/ship.bmp'  # 飞船图片路径
+
+        # 子弹设置
+        self.bullet_width = 3
+        self.bullet_height = 15
+        self.bullet_color = 60, 60, 60
+        self.bullets_allowed = 3  # 允许屏幕中出现子弹的数量
+
+        # 外星人设置
+        self.fleet_drop_speed = 10
+
+        # 以什么样的速度加快游戏节奏
+        self.speedup_scale = 1.1
+        # 外星人点数提高速度
+        self.score_scale = 1.5
+
+        self.initialize_dynamic_settings()
+
+    def initialize_dynamic_settings(self):
+        """初始化随游戏进行而变化的设置"""
+        self.ship_speed_factor = 1.5
+        self.bullet_speed_factor = 3
+        self.alien_speed_factor = 1
+
+        # fleet_direction为1表示向右移，为-1表示向左移
+        self.fleet_direction = 1
+
+        # 计分
+        self.alien_points = 50
+
+    def increase_speed(self):
+        """提高速度设置,外星人点数"""
+        self.ship_speed_factor *= self.speedup_scale
+        self.bullet_speed_factor *= self.speedup_scale
+        self.alien_speed_factor *= self.speedup_scale
+
+        self.alien_points = int(self.alien_points * self.score_scale)
+        print(self.alien_points)

ship.py

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+import pygame
+from pygame.sprite import Sprite
+
+class Ship(Sprite):
+    '''飞船所有信息'''
+
+    def __init__(self,ai_settings,screen):
+        """初始化飞船，并设置其起始位置"""
+        super(Ship,self).__init__()
+        self.screen=screen
+        self.ai_settings = ai_settings
+
+        # 加载飞船图片、获取外接矩形
+        self.image = pygame.image.load(self.ai_settings.ship_image_path)   # 加载图片
+        self.image = pygame.transform.smoothscale(self.image,(40,60))
+        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()   # 获取图片外接矩形
+        self.screen_rect = screen.get_rect()        #获取屏幕外接矩形
+
+        # 将每搜新飞船放到并木底部中心
+        self.rect.centerx = self.screen_rect.centerx
+        self.rect.bottom = self.screen_rect.bottom
+        # 设置成浮点类型
+        self.center = float(self.rect.centerx)      # self.rect.centerx设置不了浮点数 只能另设置一个变量进行运算
+
+        # 移动标志
+        self.moving_right = False
+        self.moving_left = False
+
+    def blitme(self):
+        '''在指定位置绘制飞船'''
+        self.screen.blit(self.image,self.rect)
+
+    def update(self):
+        # 向右移动飞船
+        if self.moving_right and self.rect.right < self.screen_rect.right:
+            self.center +=self.ai_settings.ship_speed_factor
+        # 向左移动飞船
+        if self.moving_left and self.rect.left > self.screen_rect.left:
+            self.center -= self.ai_settings.ship_speed_factor
+
+        self.rect.centerx = self.center
+
+    def center_ship(self):
+        """让飞船在屏幕上居中"""
+        self.center = self.screen_rect.centerx